Hip Roof, or Hipped Roof
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A hip roof, or hipped roof, is a type of roof where all
sides slope downwards to the walls, usually with a fairly gentle slope. Thus
it is a house with no gables or other vertical sides to the roof. A square
hip roof is shaped like a pyramid. Hip roofs on rectangular houses will have
two triangular sides and two trapezoidal ones. Hip roofs often have dormers.
Hip roofs are more difficult to construct, requiring somewhat more complex
systems of trusses. They have the advantage of giving a compact, solid
appearance to a structure. In modern domestic architecture, they have been
seen to represent comfort, practicality, and solidness. They are thus
commonly seen in bungalows and cottages, and have been integral to styles
such as the American Foursquare. However, the hip roof has been used in many
different styles of architecture and in a wide array of structures.
A mansard roof is a variation on a hip roof, with two different roof angles,
one much steeper than the other. A tented roof, popular in Russian
architecture, is a steep hip roof, often with multiple angles. Another
variation is the Dutch hip roof, which has the two sides at a gentler angle
than the front and back, the vertical distance between the sides and front
is made up by small gables in the middle of the roof.
A hip roof on a rectangular plan has four faces. They are almost always at
the same pitch or slope, which makes them symmetrical about the centerlines.
Hip roofs have a consistent level fascia, meaning that a gutter can be
fitted all around.
Although the roof itself is harder to construct, the walls that carry the
roof are easier to build, being all one level.
A hip roof is self bracing. It does not need the same amount of diagonal
bracing (wind bracing) that a gable roof requires. It holds up much better
to high winds. In areas like Northern Australia, or the Gulf Coast of the
Southeastern United States, that are subject to high wind loadings and
strict construction codes this could be a factor in deciding which type of
roof to build.
The overhang of the roof at the walls is called the eaves. The eaves of a
roof perform valuable functions apart from the looks. They protect the walls
from the weather and help to shade the walls (and the windows in them) from
the sun, reducing the power needed to cool the structure. A hip roof
therefore helps to shade all of the walls of the building, unlike a gable
roof which has minimal overhangs at the gables.
A possible disadvantage of a hip roof compared to a gable roof on the same
plan, is that there is less room inside the roof space. Access is more
difficult for maintenance.
Hip roofs can be constructed on a wide variety of plan shapes. Each ridge is
central over the rectangle of building below it. The triangular faces of the
roof are call the hip ends, and they are bounded by the hips themselves. The
hips sit on an external corner of the building and rise to the ridge. Where
the building has an internal corner a valley makes the join between the
sloping surfaces.
A cross between a gable and a hip roof is a dutch gable. It simplifies the
construction of the roof. No girder trusses are required, while still
retaining level walls and consistent eaves.
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Updated 5/07/2010 10:20:10 AM
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Long Valley, NJ 07853, in Morris County Please contact us Tel: 908-750-5065
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Roofing Types
Roofing: Checklist
Roofing: Felt Shingles
Roofing: Framing
Roofing: Introduction
Roofing: Layout
Roofing: Sheathing the Roof
Roofing: Shingles
Roofing: Soffits
Roofing: Trusses
Shingling Around Chimneys
Shingling Hip Roofs